Dr Richard Lee - University of Bristol

In 2013 the UK’s National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) published a list of priorities
for eye research based on a national consultation exercise conducted through the James
Lind Alliance. The number one priority for patients with ocular inflammatory diseases was to
find better treatments, and especially to find alternatives to the use of steroid drugs which
are limited by wide-ranging side-effects. We are therefore seeking to develop a new therapy
that will minimise the use of steroids in patients with potentially blinding inflammatory eye
diseases.

Ten years ago, the National Eye Research Centre enabled our research team to be the first
to study the effect of steroids on the immune system of patients with inflammatory eye
diseases. This revealed huge variation in peoples’ response to steroids, based on which we
have identified a type of immune cell which escapes the effect of steroids in patients who
experience the most side-effects of treatment. Our goal is to use a new type of medication to
selectively inhibit these steroid resistant cells and therefore minimise the dose of steroids
patients need to control their inflammatory eye disease. To do this we are learning from the
field of cancer medicine which has pioneered the use of a technology called antibody-drug
conjugation. This combines the biological precision of an artificially engineered antibody with
the powerful effects of conventional drugs. Such technologies are very novel and they have
not previously been applied to the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

We have commissioned a leading UK based biotechnology company which specialises in
antibody-drug conjugation (Polytherics Ltd, Abzena Plc) to generate an antibody fragment
which attaches to a protein called CCR6 on the surface of steroid resistant immune cells,
and to link this to a drug which we have shown strongly inhibits steroid resistant cells. In this
proposal, we are seeking to conduct experiments that will test in principle whether this new
drug conjugate can suppress human steroid resistant cells in the laboratory and also in
specialised mice that have human immune systems. If this is successful we will seek further
funding from the UK Medical Research Council for full pre-clinical development of the drug
conjugate for inflammatory eye diseases.

Latest

Charles Bonnet Syndrome

Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) affects many people with sight loss and causes them to experience visual hallucinations. The hallucinations are often distressing and continuous – the exact causes are still unknown.
Brain stimulation for Charles Bonnet Syndrome sufferers

Researchers at Newcastle University are investigating a new treatment for Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) which causes visual hallucinations.
Thanks for requesting your used stamps materials
Living with the nightmare that is Charles Bonnet Syndrome

Dr Amit Patel lost his sight very quickly and now lives with hallucinations caused by CBS.

Prof David Bates - University of Nottingham

SRPK1 inhibitors in diabetic retinopathy
Prof Marcela Votruba - Cardiff University

A novel treatment for blindness caused by autosomal dominant optic atrophhy
Dr Louise Porter - University of Liverpool

Investigating the epigenetic changes associated with dry age-related macular degeneration
Prof Keith Martin - University of Cambridge

Manipulation of P13K signalling to enhance regeneration of retinal ganglion cells

Glaucoma

Glaucoma is the most common cause of sight loss amongst those of working age. Pressure is raised in the eye which damages the optic nerve and increasingly causes sight loss. New treatments, including improved eye drops and surgical techniques to reduce this pressure in the eye are being researched.
Age-related macular degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a painless eye condition that leads to the gradual loss of central vision. Around 600,000 people in the UK currently have sight loss caused by AMD and around 70,000 new cases are diagnosed every year
Cataracts

Cataracts occur when changes in the lens of the eye cause it to become less transparent. This results in cloudy or misty vision. Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness globally but can be easily treated.
Uveitis

Uveitis is a leading cause of visual impairment in people of working age in the UK. It is an inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, called the uvea or uveal tract.
Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome, or dry eye disease, is a common condition that occurs when the eyes don't make enough tears, or the tears evaporate too quickly. This leads to the eyes drying out and becoming red, swollen and irritated. Dry eye syndrome is also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
Corneal Disease

The cornea is the clear tissue at the front of the eye that lets in light and helps focus it on the retina so that we can see. Disease or injury can make the cornea cloudy or distorted in shape, causing a loss of vision. A cornea transplant replaces diseased corneal tissue with a disc of healthy tissue from a donor.
Retinitis pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the name given to a group of inherited conditions of the retina that all lead to a gradual progressive reduction in vision.
Amblyopia

A lazy eye, also known as amblyopia, is a childhood condition that occurs when the vision in one eye does not develop properly.
Research Applications

Please read our research strategy before applying for a research grant
National Eye Health Week 2019

23 - 29 September 2019 is National Eye Health Week. The week will provide plenty of tips on protecting your eye health and how research is helping to combat blindness.